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The National Audubon Society Grass Mountain Christmas Bird Count

The 2018 Grass Mt. CBC is scheduled for Wednesday, December 26 .

Please contact Jayde Blair for the CAGM 2018 area assignments

jblair7@avc.edu

Results of the most recent Grass Mt. CBC 's are found on the links below

December 26, 2015

December 26, 2014

December 14, 2013

December 14, 2012

December 16, 2011

CAGM CBC Historical Data Summary (1972-1998: 25 Counts)

THE NATIONAL AUDUBON SOCIETY GRASS MOUNTAIN (CAGM) CBC COUNT CIRCLE (Established in 1972)

A CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNT TRAVESTY:

The Strange Case of Overlapping Count Circles in Los Angeles County, CA

Shown below is a Google Earth Map of the existing six-square mile overlap resulting from an error by Mr. Dan Cooper, advertising himself as a "Harvard-trained biologist," who established the Santa Clarita (CACI) CBC circle in 2003 and has been the principal compiler. Assisting Mr. Cooper was Geoff LeBaron, director of NAS CBC division. I have requested, through a series of emails to Mr. LeBaron, that NAS permanently correct this problem by either deleting the Santa Clarita count circle entirely, or relocating it in order to exclude the CAGM CBC circle, established with priority in 1972. NAS is ultimately responsible for such errors and insuring that new count circles do not overlap pre-existing count circles. The rule of non-overlapping count circles is explicitly stated in the NAS CBC guidelines. Mr. LeBaron's ( i.e. NAS's) final decision in this matter (January 27, 2014) was to remove the six square miles of overlap from the Santa Clarita count circle, thereby returning that area to the exclusive ownership of CAGM. Of course this ruling means that the Santa Clarita count circle loses six square miles of habitat. Furthermore, this convenient "solution" effectively propagates a fundamental error into perpetuity.

provided by NAS CBC 2013

CBC's and eBird: Citizen Science or Citizen Education?

Ever since my first Audubon Christmas Bird Count in the San Francisco Bay Area during the early 1970's, I have been impressed with the integrity of the National Audubon Society organization, particularly regarding accuracy and documentation of bird reports. Aside from cases involving overlapping count circles and related double-counting errors (see previous account), NAS generally does a fine job controlling the quality of its product. This is no trivial task. Among many possible problems facing NAS editors, is the issue of bird misidentifications. Beginners and experts alike make identification and quantitative errors during CBC's; such mistakes are often caught and examined closely by the CBC compiler and/or regional editors before the data are published in the annual report. Indeed, the fairly rigorous process of correcting CBC mistakes may discourage beginners (and some lofty experts) from further participation. Christopher Cokinos (Hope is the Thing With Feathers. 2000. pp.109-110) described this phenomenon with characteristic insight and charm.

Without a bird in the hand, observers have to rely on extremely precise descriptions of plumage, behavior and field conditions. At meetings of area birders who have just finished a census - such as the traditional Christmas Bird Counts, which gather data on wintering populations across the country - census leaders cast baleful glares at the claimants, grimly interrogating them for contradictions and weaknesses. The ornithological equivalent of a grand jury deposition, this procedure often causes the post-count chili supper to roil in the bellies of potential witnesses.

Perhaps to encourage folks without formal training in science to continue wrangling the maverick of quantitative bird surveys, an inspiring phrase was coined, Citizen Science. Officially deputized by the scientific community, everyone now wears a badge of distinction when participating in such projects as eBird surveys (Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology) and the National Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count. However, when the party is over and the results are submitted, scientific skepticism is invited to raise its ugly head. This is for a good reason. Misidentifications of birds, the most common error, can end up rendering an entire data set next to useless for scientific purposes.

Aside from problems of misidentification, eBird data may be hopelessly muddled by inconsistent methodology, reducing Ornithology to an exercise in wishful thinking. A case in point: Mapping the annual spring and fall migration routes of the Calliope Hummingbird between Mexico and Canada:

https://www.allaboutbirds.org/annual-changes-in-hummingbird-migration-revealed-by-birders-sightings/

In a recent report (see above link) produced by Cornell University eBird division, a map was produced showing apparent east/west- shifted migratory routes for this tiny bird over a period of several years, based on an unspecified number of independent eBird reports collected from amateur observers. The Cornell authors claim that these migration maps accurately reflect migratory flexibility of this species, presumably in response to shifting resource availability. Conveniently, there is no mention of methodology, such as bird survey techniques and measurements of resource availability. If a student in any of my college biology classes (beginning or advanced) turned in such a paper, I would be hard-pressed to justify awarding a grade higher than "F."

Questions remain, e.g. Is Citizen Science a worthwhile effort? The answer depends on one's point of view. Let's clarify the primary objectives of the natural sciences and those of sport birding. Whereas the goal of science is to carefully and unequivocally advance our understanding of the natural world, sport-birding has a distinctly different objective - namely, to increase the length of a birder's personal list by day, year, yard, county, state, country or the entire planet. The latter objective now reaches the zenith of sport birding with the internet publication of the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology eBird ranking of the top 100 birders, apparently based on the cumulative total of bird species found and frequency of their eBird reports.

Unfortunately, the scientific community and rational public are severely handicapped when trying to determine the authenticity of the eBird ranking system and/or the reliability of reports upon which it is based. This is an orbital issue with a pedestrian explanation. There will never be nearly enough experts available to review all incoming eBird reports. Furthermore, assuming 80% of eBird reports are reliable (a generous proportion by any measure), how would we identify the remaining 20% of erroneous reports? How many mistaken identifications equals a rejected eBird report? By convention, science tolerates a 5% probability of mistakenly accepting or rejecting testable hypotheses. Clearly, the hundreds (if not thousands) of daily eBird reports submitted throughout the United States could scarcely measure up to that level of reliability.

There is no question, however, that by encouraging folks to spend time in nature and systematically document their observations, another objective has been achieved -- raising public awareness of our dwindling natural resources. Some would argue that this particular benefit of Citizen Science outweighs whatever mistakes may be generated in the process of gathering data on bird populations and distributions. Yet, is the scientific community willing to accept the proliferation of errors in order to raise public awareness? Where is the line drawn between science and recreation? Should sport-birding be considered something akin to the Special Olympics of science?

I believe the public needs to appreciate the need for raising awareness regarding nature conservation, together with the need to maintain the integrity of the scientific method. Participation in eBird and CBC's ideally involves both goals. And if that means taking a measure of criticism, so be it. Beginners and experienced observers can and do make mistakes, particularly in the field under variable and sometimes harsh environmental conditions. Once everyone involved accepts this, there can be a true camaraderie in the endeavor, whether it be primarily for sport or scientific inquiry. Professional or amateur, we are all humbled by the grandeur of nature and wish to share our experience with anyone willing to step into that world of inquiry.

For nature lovers in general, science brings our view into sharp focus on topics such as ecology and conservation. We depend on the reliability of the scientific process to show us the facts. There can be no compromise nor loss of integrity regarding scientific methodology. Without reliable facts, we are unable to make rational decisions regarding wildlife conservation and management. If eBird and CBC data sets are shown to be reliable through a rigorous evaluation process, then we are on the right track. Meanwhile, we should seriously consider reclassifying Citizen Science projects as Citizen Education, comparable to what is done with students in medical and dental colleges. A disclaimer is signed by all participants, mistakes are made, casualties noted, and learning continues. Let's call eBird and CBC's what they actually are - a wonderful and worthwhile educational experience - instead of pretending what we would like them to be.

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Birds of the Grass Mountain Count Circle: A PHOTO GALLERY

Mountain Quail (uncommon) Sawmill Mt. (Area # 5) © Brian E. Small

Rough-legged Hawk (rare) Antelope Valley (Area #1) © Thomas Luiten

Prairie Falcon (common) Antelope Valley (Area #1) © Brian E. Small

Mountain Plover (uncommon) Antelope Valley (Area #1) © Brian E. Small

Western Screech Owl (common) Elizabeth Lake (Area #6) © Brian E. Small

Northern Pygmy Owl (rare) Sawmill Mt. (Area #5) © Brian E. Small

Spotted Owl (rare) Sawmill Mt. (Area #5) © Brian E. Small

Lewis's Woodpecker (rare) Sawmill Mt. (Area #5) © Brian E. Small

Canyon Wren (uncommon) Bouquet Canyon (Area #3) © Brian E. Small

Pacific Wren (rare) Bouquet Canyon (Area #3) © Brian E. Small

Grasshopper Sparrow (rare) San Francisquito Canyon (Area #4) © Brian E. Small

Purple Finch (uncommon) Sawmill Mt. (Area #5) © 2014 Callyn Yorke

RESULTS OF THE DECEMBER 26, 2015 GRASS MOUNTAIN CBC

Participants: Kris Ohlencamp (Area 1; 5); Allaire & Chloe Koslo (Area #1a; 6); Becky Kitto, Jane Hines, Dan Ray, Verve Leps, Jayde Blair, Merissa Mendez (Area #2), Dan Byrne and Deb Anderson (Area # 3); Cal Yorke (Area # 4,5 & 6).

Time: 0630- 1830 hrs.

Mileage by car: 65

Mileage on foot: 14

Stationary Observations (Area # 2): 5 hours.

Weather: Fair; Temp. 32F to 45F; wind WNW 15 - 50 mph.

Elevational Range: 2,300 - 4900 ft.

Notable Environmental Conditions: Persistent high winds; regional drought continuing; east and central Elizabeth Lake a dry, alkaline sink.; west Elizabeth Lake reduced to a series of frozen puddles with Russian Thistles and Tumble Mustard; Lake Hughes completely dry. About 30 % of the CAGM area (largely in Areas # 5 & 6) severely impacted by fire (Powerhouse Fire of June 2013); recent (Oct. 2015) flooding and erosion.

SPECIES TOTAL: 79 (historical average = 94)

Count:

American Wigeon 30 (m,f) A6.

Eurasian Wigeon 1 (imm m) with AMWI, edge of pond, Elizabeth Lake Golf Course, A6; First CAGM record; initially found by CY at 0745 hrs. 12/26/15; subsequently, seen by others and re-found at the same location on 12/28/15 (photos).

Eurasian Wigeon (Anas penelope) same individual in both images, Elizabeth Lake (A6) LACO CA 28 Dec. 2015

Mallard 4 (mf) A1;A6.

Northern Shoveler 16 (m,f) A6.

Northern Pintail 1 (f) A6.

Green-winged Teal 6 (m,f) A6.

Canvasback 8 (m,f) A6.

Ring-necked Duck 14 (m,f) A1; A6.

Lesser Scaup 15 (m,f) A1.

Scaup sp. (cf GRSC) 1 A1.

Bufflehead 15 (m,f) A1.

Common Goldeneye 5 A1.

Hooded Merganser 6 (m,f) A1; A6.

Ruddy Duck 22 (m,f) A1; A6.

California Quail 24 A2; A3; A4; A6.

Pied-billed Grebe 1 A6.

Great Blue Heron 2 A6.

Northern Harrier 1 A1.

Cooper's Hawk 1 A1.

Red-shouldered Hawk 2 A2; A3.

Red-tailed Hawk 7 A1; A2.

Ferruginous Hawk 1 A2.

American Kestrel 8 all areas except A2.

Merlin 1 A1.

American Coot 18 A2; A6.

Killdeer 1 A1.

Greater Yellowlegs 3 A1 (second CAGM record - KO).

Feral Rock Pigeon 10 ubiquitous, except A2.

Mourning Dove 22 A2; A1.

Eurasian Collared Dove 43 A1; A2; A6.

Barn Owl 3 A1a.

Great Horned Owl 1 A1a.

Burrowing Owl 1 A1a.

Anna's Hummingbird 1 A2.

Acorn Woodpecker 24 A2; A3; A5; A6.

Red-breasted Sapsucker 1 A3.

Nuttall's Woodpecker 2 A2; A6.

Downy Woodpecker 1 A2 (12/27/15).

Northern (RS) Flicker 24 ubiquitous.

Black Poebe 7 ubiquitous.

Say's Phoebe 3 A1; A2.

Loggerhead Shrike 2 A1.

Western Scrub-Jay 28 ubiquitous except A1, A1a.

American Crow 1 A2, A6.

Common Raven 42 ubiquitous.

Horned Lark 60 A1.

Mountain Chickadee 2 A5.

Oak Titmouse 9 ubiquitous except A1, A1a.

Bushtit 10 A2.

Bewick's Wren 1 A2.

Ruby-crowned Kinglet 9 ubiquitous except A1, A1a.

Western Bluebird 6 A6.

Mountain Bluebird 55 A1.

Hermit Thrush 24 ubiquitous except A1, A1a.

American Robin 8 A2, A5, A6.

Varied Thrush 4 A3.

Northern Mockingbird 2 A2; A6.

California Thrasher 1 A2.

European Starling 60 ubiquitous.

Yellow-rumped (A) Warbler 11 ubiquitous.

Spotted Towhee 26 ubiquitous except A1; A1a.

California Towhee 16 ubiquitous except A1; A1a.

Vesper Sparrow 6 A1.

Lark Sparrow 80 A1; A2.

Bell's Sparrow 2 A1.

Savannah Sparrow 110 A1.

Fox Sparrow (Western) 1 A2.

Song Sparrow 1 A6.

White-crowned Sparrow 212 ubiquitous.

Golden-crowned Sparrow 42 ubiquitous except A1; A1a.

Dark-eyed (Oregon) Junco 305 ubiquitous.

Red-winged Blackbird 14 A2; A6.

Tricolored Blackbird 15 A1a.

Western Meadowlark 120 A1; A6.

Brewer's Blackbird 250 A1.

Brown-headed Cowbird 10 A1a.

Purple Finch 2 A1.

House Finch 500 ubiquitous.

House Sparrow 20 A1; A6.

RESULTS OF THE DECEMBER 26, 2014 GRASS MOUNTAIN CBC

Compiled by Cal Yorke

Participants: Kris Ohlencamp (Area 1); Al DeMartini (Area 5 & 6); Becky Kitto, Jane Hines, Jerry Jacobs, Loreen Wilson, Roger Wing (Area 6), Sue Liberto (Area 2); Merissa Mendez (Area 2); Ethan Yorke, Cal Yorke (Area 2 & 3).

Time: 0515 - 1930 hrs.

Mileage by car: 55

Mileage on foot: 12

Stationary observations (Area 2 & 3): 5 hours.

Weather: Fair; 25F to 45F; wind N, NW 5 -7 mph.

Elevational range: 2,300 - 4,800 ft.

Notable Environmental Conditions: Regional Drought continuing. About 30% of CAGM (largely Areas #5 & 6) severely impacted by Powerhouse Fire of June 2013).

SPECIES TOTAL: 74 (historical average = 94)

Count:

Gadwall 3

Mallard 31

Northern Shoveler 9

Northern Pintail 2

Canvasback 13

Redhead 7

Ring-necked Duck 7

Lesser Scaup 15

Bufflehead 172

Common Goldeneye 7

Ruddy Duck 2

California Quail 2

Pied-billed Grebe 2

Red-tailed Hawk 8

Golden Eagle 1 (imm).

American Kestrel 3

American Coot 54

Killdeer 13

(Mountain Plover 40 + outside the count circle at 110th St. West and Avenue E - 8: AD)

California Gull 2

Feral Rock Pigeon 18

Band-tailed Pigeon 30

Eurasian Collared Dove 32

Mourning Dove 9

Great Horned Owl 2

Anna's Hummingbird 2

Nuttall's Woodpecker 4

Acorn Woodpecker 11

Northern (RS) Flicker 6

Black Phoebe 7

Say's Phoebe 1

Loggerhead Shrike 1

Steller's Jay 2

Western Scrub-Jay 25

American Crow 8

Common Raven 62

Horned Lark 10

Mountain Chickadee 2

Oak Titmouse 7

White-breasted Nuthatch 2

Rock Wren 2

Ruby-crowned Kinglet 4

Western Bluebird 46

Mountain Bluebird 37

Townsend's Solitaire 1 (AD: Area 5)

Hermit Thrush 8

American Robin 10

Varied Thrush 3 ( CY: Area 3)

Northern Mockingbird 4

European Starling 62

Wrentit 2

Cedar Waxwing 51

Phainopepla 5

Yellow-rumped (A) Warbler 18

Spotted Towhee 18

California Towhee 7

Vesper Sparrow 35

Lark Sparrow 51

Savannah Sparrow 5

Fox Sparrow 2 (Thick-billed (1) and Slate-colored (1): AD: Area 5)

Song Sparrow 13

Lincoln's Sparrow 5

White-crowned Sparrow 228

Golden-crowned Sparrow 6

Dark-eyed (Oregon) Junco 70

Red-winged Blackbird 24

Western Meadowlark 60

Brewer's Blackbird 2

Purple Finch 5

Cassin's Finch 2

House Finch 51

Pine Siskin 38

Lesser Goldfinch 28

Lawrence's Goldfinch 97

House Sparrow 10

RESULTS OF THE DECEMBER 14, 2013 GRASS MOUNTAIN CBC

Compiled by Cal Yorke

Participants: Kris Ohlenkamp (Area 1,3) Becky Kitto (Area 2,3), Merissa Mendez (Area 2), Allaire Koslo (Area 5,6), Cal Yorke (Area 2,3, 5 & 6).

Time: 0745- 1900 hrs.

Mileage by car: 90

Mileage on foot: 8

Stationary observations (Area 2) 2 hrs.

Weather: Fair; 39F to 50F; wind ENE 5 - 15 mph. Thin patches of snow in shaded canyons above 3,700 ft.

Elevation range: 2,300 - 4,200 ft.

SPECIES TOTAL : 66 (historical average = 94)

Count:

American Wigeon 1

Mallard 42

Northern Shoveler 8

Northern Pintail 1

Ring-necked Duck 2

Lesser Scaup 60

Bufflehead 216

Common Goldeneye 2 (Area 1: California Aqueduct)

California Quail 16

Great Blue Heron 2

Red-shouldered Hawk 1

Red-tailed Hawk 6

American Kestrel 4

Merlin 1

American Coot 30

Killdeer 3

Least Sandpiper 16

Ring-billed Gull 3

California Gull 22

Eurasian Collared Dove 2

Mourning Dove 13

Barn Owl 2

Great Horned Owl 1

Anna's Hummingbird 3

Acorn Woodpecker 15

Ladder-backed Woodpecker 1 (Area 1: Joshua Tree woodland)

Northern (RS) Flicker 6

Black Phoebe 12

Say's Phoebe 2

Loggerhead Shrike 4

Western Scrub-jay 35

Steller's Jay 1 (Area 5: Upper Shake campground)

American Crow 50

Common Raven 12

Horned Lark 25

Oak Titmouse 10

Rock Wren 5

Bewick's Wren 2

Golden-crowned Kinglet 1 (Area 5: Upper Shake campground)

Ruby-crowned Kinglet 2

Hermit Thrush 2

American Robin 2

Mountain Bluebird 1

Western Bluebird 22

Wrentit 2

Northern Mockingbird 3

California Thrasher 3

European Starling 15

American Pipit 4

Phainopepla 2

Yellow-rumped (A) Warbler 25

Spotted Towhee 5

California Towhee 3

Lark Sparrow 25

Bell's Sparrow 5

Savannah Sparrow 30

Fox Sparrow 1

Song Sparrow 20

Lincoln's Sparrow 12

White-crowned Sparrow 200

Golden-crowned Sparrow 4

Dark-eyed Junco 10

Western Meadowlark 15

Brewer's Blackbird 20

House Finch 130

Purple Finch 2

RESULTS OF THE DECEMBER 14, 2012 GRASS MOUNTAIN CBC

Compiled by Cal Yorke

Participants: Kris Ohlenkamp (Area 1); Jocelyn McFaul (Area 1a); Becky Kitto, Merissa Mendez and Cal Yorke (Areas 3 & 6).

Time: 0700 - 1800 hrs.

Mileage by car: 100

Mileage on foot: 7

Weather: Partly cloudy to overcast with increasing WSW wind 2 - 8 mph; rain from 1330 - 1730 hrs. Temperature 31F to 42F. No snow.

SPECIES TOTAL: 70 (historical average = 94)

Birds of seasonal and/or distributional interest found: Burrowing Owl (1), Short-eared Owl (1).

COUNT

American Wigeon 1

Mallard 30

Northern Shoveler 60

Northern Pintail 1

Canvasback 25

Bufflehead 22

Common Goldeneye 2

Common Merganser 1

Ruddy Duck 50

California Quail 10

Eared Grebe 2

Western Grebe 2

Double-crested Cormorant 5

Great Blue Heron 4

Great Egret 1

Red-shouldered Hawk 2

Red-tailed Hawk 2

Ferruginous Hawk 5

American Kestrel 4

Prairie Falcon 1

American Coot 150

Killdeer 2

Least Sandpiper 14

Wilson's Snipe 2

California Gull 2

Rock Pigeon 2

Eurasian Collared Dove 4

Mourning Dove 8

Burrowing Owl 1

Short-eared Owl 1: (by KO, Area 1); Details: Seen at 0745 hrs. north of Avenue J at about 130th Street East. I was on foot walking north when it flushed from the ground about 20 m away and flew north. I first noticed the long wings and thought Harrier.Then the large blunt head became obvious and I knew it was an owl. I thought Burrowing Owl but the longish wings puzzled me. As it flew away (less than 3m off the ground) I also noticed black wing tips and black marks near the shoulders. It landed about 200 m away - facing me. It seemed taller than a Burrowing Owl and did not have any noticeable ear tufts. I could not make out details of the face. By the time I retrieved my scope - the bird was gone. One hour later I returned to the same location in hopes that it also may have returned. This time I flushed what was definitely a Burrowing Owl - from almost the same spot. The differences between the two birds were striking - Kris Ohlenkamp, 12/14/2012.

Belted Kingfisher 1

Acorn Woodpecker 4

Nuttall's Woodpecker 2

Northern (RS) Flicker 8

Black Phoebe 2

Say's Phoebe 2

Loggerhead Shrike 2

Western Scrub-jay 10

American Crow 85

Common Raven 52

Horned Lark 600

Moountain Chicadee 1

Oak Titmouse 2

Bushtit 8

Bewick's Wren 2

Ruby-crowned Kinglet 20

Western Bluebird 2

Mountain Bluebird 30

American Robin

Northern Mockingbird 2

European Starling 75

American Pipit 5

Cedar Waxwing 6

Yellow-rumped Warbler 8

California Towhee 6

Rufous-crowned Sparrow 1

Vesper Sparrow 3

Lark Sparrow 10

Savannah Sparrow 45

Song Sparrow 12

Lincoln's Sparrow 1

White-crowned Sparrow (gambeli) 120

Golden-crowned Sparrow 1

Dark-eyed Junco 25

Western Meadowlark 50

Brewer's Blackbird 50

Great-tailed Grackle 8

House Finch 200

American Goldfinch 1

House Sparrow 25

RESULTS OF THE DECEMBER 16, 2011 GRASS MOUNTAIN CBC

' Compiled by Cal Yorke

Participants: David Bell (Area 1); Jocelyn McFaul (Areas 1a & 5); Cal Yorke and Merissa Mendez (Areas 5&6)

Time: 0630 - 1830 hrs.

Mileage by car: 101

Mileage on foot: 6

Weather: Fair; 34 to 52F; 2-4 inches of snow above 4,000 ft. Wind ENE 2 - 10 mph.

SPECIES TOTAL: 86 (historical average = 94)

Birds of seasonal and/or distributional interest found: Hooded Merganser (20 - new for the GMCBC); Great Egret (1); White-tailed Kite (1); Merlin (3); Turkey Vulture (2); Eurasian Collared Dove (2 - new for the GMCBC); White-headed Woodpecker (1); Great-tailed Grackle (8).

Link to details and photos for Areas 5 & 6

COUNT

Gadwall 2

American Wigeon 80

Mallard 182

Northern Shoveler 4

Green-winged Teal 5

Canvasback 12

Redhead 2

Ring-necked Duck 14

Lesser Scaup 2

Bufflehead 60

Common Goldeneye 12

Common Merganser 16

Hooded Merganser 20

Ruddy Duck 123

California Quail 30

Pied-billed Grebe 20

Western Grebe 12

Double-crested Cormorant 1

Great Blue Heron 4

Great Egret 1

Turkey Vulture 2

White-tailed Kite 1

Northern Harrier 3

Cooper's Hawk 1

Red-shouldered Hawk 2

Red-tailed Hawk 21

Ferruginous Hawk 3

American Kestrel 10

Merlin 3

Prairie Falcon 2

American Coot 303

California Gull 4

Rock Pigeon 5

Band-tailed Pigeon 4

Mourning Dove 69

Eurasian Collared Dove 2

Greater Roadrunner 3

Anna's Hummingbird 1

Lewis's Woodpecker 4? in flight (Upper Shake Campground - Area 5).

Acorn Woodpecker 4

Nuttall's Woodpecker 2

White-headed Woodpecker 1

Northern (RS) Flicker 2

Black Phoebe 4

Say's Phoebe 4

Loggerhead Shrike 10

Steller's Jay 8

Western Scrub-jay 9

American Crow 17

Common Raven 153

Horned Lark 1,540

Mountain Chickadee 8

Oak Titmouse 4

White-breasted Nuthatch 3

Brown Creeper 1

Cactus Wren 7

Rock Wren 1

Bewick's Wren 5

Ruby-crowned Kinglet 3

Western Bluebird 14

Mountain Bluebird 45

Hermit Thrush 1

Wrentit 2

Northern Mockingbird 6

European Starling 255

American Pipit 3

Yellow-rumped (A) Warbler 13

Common Yellowthroat 2

Spotted Towhee 4

California Towhee 9

Vesper Sparrow 1

Lark Sparrow 529

Savannah Sparrow 28

Song Sparrow 20

Lincoln's Sparrow 1

White-crowned Sparrow 197

Golden-crowned Sparrow 50

Dark-eyed (Oregon) Junco 60

Red-winged Blackbird 20

Western Meadowlark 71

Brewer's Blackbird 355

Great-tailed Grackle 8

Purple Finch 40

House Finch 602

Lesser Goldfinch 2

House Sparrow 21